Bank, safe, and vault lock and the like



' L. BAILL'Y.

BANK, SAFE, AND VAULT LOCK AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2|, I921.

Patented Feb. 14, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l- V Plans L. BAILLY.

BANK, SAFE, AND VAULT LOCK'AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.-2h 1921.

Patented Feb.14, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. BAILLY. BANK, SAFE, AND VAULT LOCKAND THE LIKE. 7

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21, I921.

1 ,406,81 3. Patented Feb. 14, 1922 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

FIGIB P'GIB I 89 z 87 I 93 I: I 9 F I 89 II T-l EH5 INVENTOR.

1.01115 BAILLY L. BAILLY.

BANK, SAFE, AND VAULT LOCK AND THE LIKE- APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21. 1921.

f Patented Feb. 14, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- LEI U15 BAILLY' UNITED stares PATENT ori ice.

LOUIS BAILLY, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

BANK, sArn, AND VAULT oox ND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 14;, 1922.

Application filed February 21, 1921. Serial H0. 6.738.

To all whom it may concern k Be it known that 1, Louis BAILLY, a citizen of the Republic or France, residing at in which the various parts operate and are immersed in fluid so as to render it impossible to hear or detect from the outside their movement or relative positions and in this j way defeat any attempt of unwarranted opening or'release of the lock.,

A further object is the provision of a lock having an extremely wide range of change of combination, as well as one in which the change can be readily and easily effected. v

p A still. further object is the provision of a fluid lock in which release 1s effected by the pumping of a fluid whose circulation is prevented with the locked partsin set or:

locked position.

With these general objects in mind other objects residing more particularly in the features of construction, arrangement and oporation, as well as the resulting advantages of my invention will bebetter understood from the following description, wherein ref- Figure 5 is a partial vertical section, certain parts being omitted, with thecontrolling parts in locked or set position,

Figure 6 is a horizontal section taken on line G-6 of Figure 5,

Figure 7 is a partial side View of one of the tumbler disks,

Figure 8 is a partial vertical section through one of the disks shown in Figure 7,

Figure 9 is a partial vertical section through one of the bearing rings, Figure 10 is a partial side view of th tumbler ring seat,

Figure 11 is a partial section therethrough, Figure 12 is a detail cross section taken through the sleeve of the cylinder substantially on line 1212 of Figure 4,

Figures 13 and 14: are respectively a front and a side view of the tumbler ring actuating collar, V I

liigure 15 is a side view of the plunger, ant

Figures 16 and 17 are respectively a side vlew partly broken a ay and afront view of one of the combination rings to be hereinafter described. 7

Referring now to these figures and particularly to, Figure l I'haveshown a safe generally indicated at 20, having a door 21 which is openedand closed by ahandle 22 mounted upon the outerend of a rotatable bolt throwing shaft 23,'the latter being indicated in dotted lines in Figure 2 and being normally locked against rotation by a lever 24, one end of which has an angular extenion 25 shiftable upwardlyinto and downwardly out of a notch orrecess 26 of shatt- 23. Lever 24 is fulcrumed intermediate its ends at 27 uponabracket 28fand its free end 29 is disposed above the upper end of an actuating and controlling pinSO, the latter oi which in its normal lowermost position. permits lever 24rto swing by gravity until its angular locking extension 25 projects into the notch or recess of the shaft 523, and upward movement of which pin 30 rocks lever 24 on its fulcrum 27 and causes lowering movement of its angular end 25 out oi engagement with the bolt throwing shaft 23 so that the latter is then free for manual rotation by the handle 22 in order that the safe door 21 may be opened.

As shown in Figure 2 the pin 30 is mounted axially through the upper closing plug 31 oh vertically disposed piston cylinder which extends upwardly'from and'torms a part of the cylindrical lock housing 33 whose front wall 34-. abuts the inner or rear surface of the door 21 and has a reduced cylindrical extension 35 projecting forwardly through a bore formed in the door 21 for the reception of this extension.

The lower end of pin 30 in its cylinder 32 carries a piston 36, the lower end of cyllinder 32 having an opening 37 through which fluid from the lock housing may be forced upwardly against piston 36 to shift the pin 30 vertically in its operative movement against the tension of ea spring 38 coiled around the pin 30 and compressed between the upper surface of the piston 36 and the'lower surface of the cylinder closing plug 81.

The inner or rear side of the housing 33 is closed by a removable cover plate 39 disposed rearwardly of and in spaced relation to an enlarged circular tumbler ring 40, the latter of which has a forwardly turned flange 4-1 movably interfitting the rear portion of the housing 33 and provided at one point with an opening 42 adapted to be moved into registry withthe opening 37 of the base of the piston cylinder 32. l/Vith the space 43 between the detachable cover plate 39 and the tumbler ring 40, the piston cylinder 32 has communication through an opening 44 which is formed intermediate the ends of the cylinder 32 at such a'point that fluid can escape into the space 43 from the piston cylinder when the piston 36 has been shifted upwardly a sufficient distance to" bring about proper elevation of the actuating pin 30 of the controlling lever 24:.

The space 43 also communicates with the rear end of a rotatable cylinder a5 through a spring controlled valve 1-6 which opens forwardly into the rear end of cylinder 45 and is mounted within-a plug 4E7 closing the rear end of the cylinder against the flow of fluid'from the cylinder to thespaee l3,

Cylinder 45 is mounted axially of the lock housing'33 and upon its rear or innerend the combination plate is adjustably mounted at its center and normally locked in connection with the cylinder by a lock nut 48. Cylinder to has a single opening d9 in its wall adjacent to the front wall 8 l'of the lock housing and. is rotatably mounted through asleeve 50, the latter of which is;

in turn rotatably mounted through the reduced forward extension 85 of the lock housing and has an annular series of apertures 51 opposite the single opening 49 of cylinder 4-5 as seen in Figure 4 and also seen by reference to Figure 12, openings 31 beingin the nature of circumferential slots as shown so that there will always be communication between the interior of cylinder forwardly of the pump plunger and the, space within the lock housing around the sleeve 50 and forwardly of the forward and rear combination rings 52 and 53. i

The forward ends of'cylinder 45 and sleeve 50 project forwardly beyond the outer surface of the door 21 and have permutation disks Stand 55, each of which is provided 'with peripheral numbers, the numbers "of the disk 55 cooperating with a pointer 56 on the door 21 and the numbers of the disk 54; cooperating witha pointer 57 on disk Disk 54: has an additional series of peripheral numberswith which a pointer 58 on the outer handle 59 of the plunger stem 60 cooperates. This stem extends axially through the forward portion of cylinder 45 and earries'a plunger 61 upon itsinner end operating in the cylinder and having a movable spring controlled skirt portion 62 adapting the same to the ready movement of fluid forwardly past the plunger in the rearward movement of the plunger, which fluid is upon the forward movement of the plunger forced outwardly through the open ings 4C9 andol when the plunger is held in properly rotated position within the cylinder do to register the slot 63 of its skirt portion 62 with the cylinder opening 49'.

Mounted around the sleeve 50 within the lock housing is a collar (Behaving a rib outstanding between theinner portions of the tumbler rings52 and 53, the latter of which are mounted to. loosely rotate upon the s collar 64 at oppositc sides of rib 65. Each of the tumbler rings 52 and 53 hasagainst its inner surface an actuating ring 66, these two actuating rings having inturned opposing peripheral flanges 6'7 around the periphery of the rib- 65 and spaced therefrom, each flange 67 having an internal shoulder 68, the shoulder of one flange being turned in one direction and the shoulder of the other flangebeing turned in the opposite direction for cooperation with the laterally offset opposite ends 69 of a spring 70 secured at its center as at 71 upon the periphery of the rib 65 so that its free ends project into engagement with the inner surfacesof the flanges 67, thus adapting rotation of the sleeve in one direction to be communicated to .the tumbler ring 52 and rotation of the sleeve in the opposite direction to be communicated to the tumbler ring 53.

Each of the inner actuating rings 66 of the tumbler rings 52 and 53 is furthermore p1o vided with slotted openings 72 as particularly shown in Figure 1?, bolts 73 being utilized to secure the rings: by passage through the slots 72 so that upon loosening these bolts the tumbler rings and their actu} ating rings may be adjustably shifted through a range of approximately 180 in changing the combination of the lock.

At their outer portions the tumbler rings 52 and 53 have inclined peripheral flanges 741- and 75, movable upon and against the inclined opposite side surfaces of a tumbler ring seat 7 6 of annular form which ismounted withinthe lock housing 33'and is adjustably secured to the latter by a set screw 77. This tumbler ring seat 7 6 in cooperation with k the tumbler rings 52 and 53 normally forms a dividing wall between the forward and rear portions of the lock housing 33 to prevent the III flow of fluid from the space of the lock hous,

ingforwardly of such wall to the space of the lock housing rearwardly of such wall. thus normally cutting off communication between the openings 49 and 51 of thecylinder 45 and sleeve 50, and the openings 42 and 37 of the tumbler plate 40 and the piston cylinder to therear portion of the lock housing and from there through'the openings 42 and 37 when the latter are alinec.

The tumbler rings 52 and 53 are under tension of springs 81 and 82 by which they are pressed toward one another into even uniform engagement with the opposite sides of their seat 76, and for the sake of uniformity in action of the springs 81 and 82, each tumbler ring has an annular outstanding flange 83 at the inner portion of its inclined peripheral flange. Each flange 83 movab-ly supports a bearing plate 84 against which the respective spring 81, 82 engages, the bearing plate 84 in turn being apertured as at 85 so as not to check free movement of the fluid. Bearing plate '84 of the tumbler ring 52 movably engages the inner surface of the front plate 34 of the lock housing while the bearing plate 84 of the tumbler ring 53 movablv engages the forward surface of the tumbler plate'40.

In operation the interior of the lock housing is filled with a fluid, for instance oil, which is unaffected by climatic changes, and thespace 43 between the tumbler plate 40 and the removable cover plate 39 is also filled with similar fluid. The disk 55 of the sleeve 50 is then turned first in one direction and then the other to respectively rotate the tumbler rings '52 and to the position shown in Figure-4 with their openings 7 9 and in registry with one another and-the opening 78 of the tumbler ring seat 76. The permutation disk of the cylinder 45 is then turned to the proper position for registering the opening 42 of the tunibler plate 40 with the opening 37 of the base of the piston cylinder 32, theopening 49 of the cylinder registering in any position of rotation with one of the circumferentially slotted openings 51 of the sleeve 50. It is then only necessary to rotate the plunger stem 60' until the slot 63 of its skirt'portion 62 registers with the cylinder opening 49 in order to properly position all of the parts for the free movement of fluid into the lower end of the piston cylinder 32 upon the actuation of the pump plunger by manipulating the plunger stem 60 inwardly and outwardly. During the courseof this movement fluid is taken in to the inner'or rear end of cylinder 45 through the valve 46, from the space 43 and moves forwardly past the plunger 61 and from the forward portion of the cylinder 45 passes outwardly through the slot 63 and openings 49 and 51, then through the openings of the bearing plate 84 and then to the rear of the lock housing 33 through the alined openings 78, 79 and 80 of the tumbler rings and their seat. The fluid is then free to pass into the lower portion of the piston cylinder 32 through the openings 42 and 37 so as to raise the piston 36 and thus shift the pin 30 vertically in order to move lever 24 out of engagement with the bolt throwing shaft 23. When pin 30 has elevated sufliciently for this purpose the piston 36 will beshifted to a point above the opening 44 of the piston cylinder 32 so that in any further actuation of the plunger 61 the fluid will move'through this opening 44 and back into the space 43 between the J tumbler plate 40 and the detachable inner or rear cover plate 39. It is quite obvious that when operative movement of the plunger is stopped, the fluid within the lock housing and the lower portion of the piston cylinder 32 will hold the piston 36 in elevated position. This position of the parts will continue until after the door 21 has been again closed and it is desired to. lock the same. The sleeve 50 and cylinder 45 maybe rotated to shift the tumbler rings and the tumbler plate out of the alined position shown in Figure 4 to a position such for instance as shown in Figure 5, but it is quite obvious that the piston 36 will still be held in the upper position. Piston cylinder 32 is then provided with a second opening 86 7 adjacent to its base and communicating with the space 43 under control of a valve 87 normally held in seated position by a spring 88 whose strength is such as to resist tendency of the valve 87 to open under pressure of the fluid alone. This valve 87 is mounted upon a stem 89 projecting rearwardly through the cover plate 39 and provided with a downturned end 90 engaged by one forked end 91 of a lever 92 fulcrumed at 93 upon a. rearwardly projecting bracket 94 of the cover plate 39, the opposite forked end 95 of which lever 92 is engaged by the angular inner end i piston 36 and the lever actuating pin 30 to descend and in turn permit shaft locking lever fi l to rock to the operative position shown in dotted lines in Figure 2., I

In changing the combination, by rotating either or both of the tumbler rings 52 and 53 with respect to their actuating rings (56,

spoutll?) so that by placing a suitable receptacle beneaththis spout the fluid may be caught and after change of the combination and reconnect-ion of the cover plate 39 this fluid may be re-introduced within the lock housing through a filling aperture at the upper portion of the cover plate 39 normally closedby a plug 100.

It is obvious that by virtue of the relatively large diameter of the tumbler rings and the tumbler plate ell) as well as the fact that the combination may be changed by adjustment oi. either or all of these parts, that a very wide range of change of combination is permitted, and it is quite obvious that by virtue of the fact that the several parts are immersed and move in a fluid, their relative shifting movements will be noiseless and attempts to solve the combination of the look by feel will be defeated.

My improvedlock not only requires that the combination be actually known before release can be'elfected, but vis of strong construction and will be lasting and durable in use.

I claim:

1. A fluid lock including a housing forming a fluid casing, a fluid pumping means therein, a piston actuatedlock controlling member operated and controlled by-the fluid from said pumping means, and a plurality of manually actuated members shiftable to establish and cut ofl the passage of fluid from the pumping means to the said piston actuated member.

2. A fluid lock including a housing forming a fluid casing, a fluid pumping means therein, a piston actuated lockcontrolling member operated and controlled bythe fluid from said. pumping means, and manually actuated means controlling the passage of fluid from the pumping means to the said piston actuated member including a series independentlymovable tumblers having apertures shiftable into and out of alinement with the fluid passage.

3. A fluid lock comprising a housing form ing a fluid holding chamber, means therein forming a fluid circulating passage, a lock controlling member actuated by the movement of fluid through said fluid passage, and

a pump for moving. the fluid, said passage,

formin means includin ;a luralit oi v a g P y members independently shiftable to open and close the passage.

l. A fluid lock comprising a housing formf ing a fluid holding chamber, means therein forming a fluidcirculating passage, a lock controlling member actuated by the movement of fluid through said fluid passage, a

pump for moving the fluid, said passage.

piston cylinder and the housing, a pump cylinder in the housing, a manually actuated plunger in said latter cylinder, and

manually actuated fluid control members in r the housing between the pump cylinder and therflrst named controlling member.

6. Afluid lock comprising a housing forming a fluid chamber, fluid actuated bolt con.

trolling means, manually actuated fluid pumping means in the housing, andmeans forming a fllllCl passage between the bolt controlling means and the pumping means, including manually and independently shiftable fluid control elements in thehousing movable to open and close said passage.

7. A fluid lock comprising ahousing forming a. fluid chamber, fluid actuated bolt controlling means, manually actuated fluid pumping means in the housing, and manually shift-able fluid control means in the hous:

gingbetween the pumping means and the fluid actuated means, said last-namedmeans consisting of apertured tumblers normally immersed and shiftable in the fluid holding chamber. 1 r

8. A fluid lock comprising a housing forming a fluid chamber, fluid actuated bolt controlling means, manually actuated fluid pumping means in the housing, and manually shiiitable fluid control means in the housing between the pumping means and the fluid actuated means, saidlast-named means consisting of apertured tumblers in the fluid chamber and having externally projecting shifting means with which the tumblers are adjustably associated. 9. A fluid lock comprising a housing forms trolling means, manually actuated fluid pumping means in the housing, and manually shiftable fluid control means in the housing between the pumping means and the fluid actuated means, said fluid actuated means being in the nature of a piston having an externally projecting pin as described.

10. A fluid lock comprising a housing forming a fluid chamber therein, a pump.

Cylinder axially of the housing having an externally projecting portion, a plunger in said cylinder having an externally projecting stem,.a sleeve around the cylinder having openings through which the cylinder discharges into the forward portion of the housing and also having an externally proby rotation of the pump cylinder for con-' trolling communication between the housing and said piston cylinder.

11. A fluid lock comprising a housing forming a fluid chamber therein, a pump cylinder axially of the housing having an externally projecting portion by which it may be rotated, a plunger in said cylinder having an externally projecting stem, a sleeve around the cylinder having openings through which the cylinder discharges fluid into the forward portion of the housing and also having an externally projecting portion by which it may be rotated, tumbler rings around the sleeve, a seat for the tumbler rings cooperating with the latter to divide the fluid chamber into normally separate forward and rear portions, said rings and their said seat having apertures movable into registry upon registration of the rings, a collar around and secured to the sleeve between the tumbler rings, actuating rings adjustably secured to the tumbler rings adjacent to the said collar, cooperating means on the collar and the said actuating rings whereby to rotate the tumbler rings in relatively opposite directions upon correspond- 'ing rotation of the sleeve, a piston actuated bolt controlling member, a cylinder in which said member operates adjacent to the rear portion of the housing, and means adjustable with the pump cylinder for controlling com munication between the rear portion of the fluid chamber and the said piston cylinder.

12. A fluid lock comprising a housing forming a fluid chamber therein, a pump cylinder axially of the housing having an externally projecting portion by which it may be rotated, a plunger in said cylinder having an externall projecting stem, a sleeve around the cylinder having openings through which the cylinder discharges into the forward portion of the housing and also having an externally projecting portion, a

pair of tumbler rings having a seat in the housing and normally dividing the fluid chamber into non-coininunicating forward and rear portions, said rings and their seat having apertures movable into and out of registry, means carried by the sleeve for rotating the rings and with respect to which thesaid rings are secured in rotatable adjustable relation, a piston cylinder at the upper rear portion of the housing having an opening in its face communicating with the fluid chamber, a piston in said cylinder, 2. bolt controlling member carried by the piston, and a circular tumbler plate in the rear portion of the housing and mounted on and rotating with the pump cylinder, having a peripheral flange movable below the lower opening of the piston cylinder and pro' vided with an aperture movable therewith into and out of registry with the said piston cylinder opening.

13. A fluid lock comprising a housing forming a fluid chamber therein, a pump cylinder axially of the housing having an externally projecting portion by which it may be rotated and having a discharge opening in communication with the forward portion of the fluid chamber, a plunger shiftable and rotatable in said cylinder, having an externally projecting stem by which it may be shifted and rotated and having a skirt provided with a lengthwise slot movable upon rotation thereof into and out of registry with the discharge opening of the cylinder, a sleeve around the cylinder having an externally projecting portion by which it may be rotated, a pair of apertured tumbler rings controlled by the sleeve and seated in the fluid chamber to normally control communication between the front and rear portions of the chamber, a piston actuated bolt controlling member, a cylinder in which said member operates having communication with the rear portion of the fluid chamber, and a member controlled by rotation of the pump cylinder for controlling communication between the piston cylinder and the fluid chamber.

14. A fluid lock comprising a housing forming a fluid chamber therein, a pump cylinder axially'of the housing having an externally projecting portion by which it may be rotated, a plunger in said cylinder, a sleeve around the cylinder having openings through which the cylinder discharges into the forward portion of the housing in advance of the plunger, and also having an externally projecting portion by which it may be rotated, a pair of tumbler rings dividing the fluid chamber and controlling communication between the forward and rear port-ions thereof, means carried by the sleeve for adjusting the said rings, a piston I communication with the rear portion of the fluid chamber, a tumbler plate closing the ends communicating With the said compartment, an intake valve controlllng communication between said compartment and the rear end of the pump cylinder and manually actuated means normally controlling communication between the said compartment and the lower end of thepiston cylinder as described. a

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

LOUIS BAILLY 

